3 Commits
18 changed files with 197 additions and 579 deletions
-2
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@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ __pycache__
*.csv
*.typ
*.pdf
scripts
*.bak
# Vélarsértækar skrár sem PlatformIO býr til sjálft
.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
+7 -17
View File
@@ -11,17 +11,12 @@ skinparam state {
state Initialization
Initialization : Entry / Stop motor
Initialization : Entry / Initialize internal parameters
Initialization : Entry / Reset speed measurement
Initialization : Do / Initialize internal parameters
Initialization : Do / Reset speed measurement
Initialization : Do / Wait 2 seconds
Initialization : Exit / Send Boot-up message
state PreOperational
PreOperational : Entry / Stop motor
PreOperational : Do / Blink LED at 1 Hz
PreOperational : Do / Accept Kp and Ti configuration
PreOperational : Do / Select P or PI controller [c]
PreOperational : Exit / LED off
state Operational
Operational : Entry / LED on
@@ -33,18 +28,13 @@ state Stopped
Stopped : Do / Blink LED at 2 Hz
Stopped : Exit / LED off
Initialization -r-> PreOperational : initialization\n complete
' Initialization -d-> Operational : initialization\n complete
PreOperational -d-> Operational : set operational [o]
PreOperational -l--> Initialization : reset [r]
Operational -u-> PreOperational : set pre-operational [p]
Operational -> Initialization : reset [r]
Initialization --> Operational : initialization\n complete
Operational --> Initialization : reset
Operational --> Stopped : fault detected
Stopped -l-> Initialization : reset [r]
Stopped -> Operational : set operational [o]
Stopped -u-> PreOperational : set pre-operational [p]
Stopped --> Initialization : reset
Stopped --> Operational : set operational
@enduml
+18
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@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
#ifndef CONTROLLER_H
#define CONTROLLER_H
class Controller
{
public:
virtual ~Controller()
{
}
virtual double update(double ref, double actual) = 0;
virtual void reset()
{
}
};
#endif
+1 -1
View File
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
class InitializationState : public State
{
private:
static const unsigned long WAIT_MS = 2000;
static const unsigned long WAIT_MS = 2000UL;
unsigned long enter_time_ms = 0;
+20 -21
View File
@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
#include "rotary_encoder_driver.h"
#include "motor_driver.h"
#include "p_controller.h"
//#include "p_controller.h"
//#include "pi_controller.h"
#include "controller.h"
#include "digital_out.h"
class State;
@@ -19,35 +21,39 @@ private:
State* current_state;
State& initialization_state;
State& pre_operational_state;
State& operational_state;
State& stopped_state;
RotaryEncoderDriver& encoder;
MotorDriver& motor;
P_controller* controller;
//P_controller& controller;
//PI_controller& controller;
Controller& controller;
Digital_out led;
double reference_rpm;
// Síðasta sýni, notað fyrir CSV-útprentun
double last_actual_rpm;
double last_pwm;
public:
MotorController(
RotaryEncoderDriver& encoder,
MotorDriver& motor,
P_controller& controller,
//P_controller& controller,
Controller& controller,
State& initialization,
State& pre_operational,
State& operational,
State& stopped
);
// void set_states(
// State* initialization,
// State* operational,
// State* stopped
// );
void begin();
void update();
@@ -59,8 +65,6 @@ public:
void to_initialization();
void to_pre_operational();
void to_operational();
void to_stopped();
@@ -68,12 +72,7 @@ public:
bool fault_active();
// Skilar true þegar nýtt sýni var keyrt í gegnum stýringuna
bool run_speed_controller();
double get_reference_rpm() const { return reference_rpm; }
double get_actual_rpm() const { return last_actual_rpm; }
double get_pwm() const { return last_pwm; }
void run_speed_controller();
void stop_motor();
@@ -81,15 +80,15 @@ public:
void reset_controller();
void set_Kp(double value);
void set_Ti(double value);
void set_controller(P_controller& new_controller);
void led_on();
void led_off();
};
#endif
-10
View File
@@ -2,20 +2,10 @@
#define OPERATIONAL_STATE_H
#include "state.h"
#include <stdint.h>
// Sett á 1 til að prenta CSV (time_ms,ref_rpm,actual_rpm,pwm) í Operational,
// t.d. fyrir step og load response. Einnig hægt með build_flags = -D LOG_CSV=1
#ifndef LOG_CSV
#define LOG_CSV 0
#endif
class OperationalState : public State
{
private:
uint32_t sample_count = 0;
public:
void enter() override;
+7 -13
View File
@@ -1,26 +1,20 @@
#ifndef P_CONTROLLER_H
#define P_CONTROLLER_H
class P_controller
#include "controller.h"
class P_controller : public Controller
{
protected:
private:
double Kp;
public:
P_controller(double Kp);
virtual ~P_controller() {}
virtual double update(double ref, double actual);
virtual void reset() {}
virtual void set_Kp(double value)
{
Kp = value;
}
double update(double ref, double actual) override;
virtual void set_Ti(double value)
{
// P controller does not use Ti
}
};
#endif
+17 -13
View File
@@ -1,23 +1,27 @@
#ifndef PI_CONTROLLER_H
#define PI_CONTROLLER_H
#include "p_controller.h"
#include "controller.h"
class PI_controller : public P_controller
class PI_controller : public Controller
{
private:
static constexpr double U_MAX = 100.0; // %
static constexpr double U_MIN = -100.0; // %
private:
double Kp;
double Ti;
double T;
double Ti;
double T;
double integral;
public:
PI_controller(double Kp, double Ti, double T);
double update(double ref, double actual) override;
void reset() override;
double integral;
void set_Ti(double value) override;
public:
PI_controller(
double Kp,
double Ti,
double T
);
double update(double ref, double actual) override;
void reset() override;
};
#endif
-43
View File
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
#ifndef PRE_OPERATIONAL_STATE_H
#define PRE_OPERATIONAL_STATE_H
#include "state.h"
#include "stdint.h"
class P_controller;
class PreOperationalState : public State
{
private:
P_controller& p_controller;
P_controller& pi_controller;
bool pi_selected;
unsigned long previous_time;
bool led_state;
//bool waiting_for_kp;
//bool waiting_for_ti;
enum InputMode
{
NONE,
ENTER_KP,
ENTER_TI
};
InputMode input_mode;
char input_buffer[16];
uint8_t input_index;
public:
PreOperationalState(P_controller& p_controller, P_controller& pi_controller);
void enter() override;
void update() override;
void command(char c) override;
void exit() override;
};
#endif
-3
View File
@@ -16,6 +16,3 @@ framework = arduino
monitor_speed = 115200
test_framework = unity
test_build_src = yes
; CSV-útprentun í Operational fyrir step/load response (sjá capture_serial.py)
; build_flags = -D LOG_CSV=1
+4 -2
View File
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ void InitializationState::enter()
context->reset_speed_measurement();
context->reset_controller();
enter_time_ms = millis();
}
@@ -24,8 +27,7 @@ void InitializationState::update()
// Non-blocking bið svo aðallykkjan haldi áfram að keyra
if (millis() - enter_time_ms >= WAIT_MS)
{
context->to_pre_operational();
// context->to_operational();
context->to_operational();
}
}
+31 -20
View File
@@ -1,19 +1,14 @@
// main.cpp er sleppt i test-build (pio test) svo setup()/loop() rekist ekki a prof
#ifndef PIO_UNIT_TESTING
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include "rotary_encoder_driver.h"
#include "motor_driver.h"
//#include "p_controller.h"
#include "pi_controller.h"
#include "motor_controller.h"
#include "initialization_state.h"
#include "pre_operational_state.h"
#include "operational_state.h"
#include "stopped_state.h"
@@ -22,29 +17,28 @@ RotaryEncoderDriver encoder;
MotorDriver motor;
const double Kp_P = 10.0; // P-controller from Project 2
//const double KP = 12.5;
const double Kp = 10.125; // Ziegler-Nichols PI
const double Ti = 0.0334;
const double T = 0.004;
P_controller p_controller(Kp_P);
PI_controller pi_controller(Kp, Ti, T);
//P_controller controller(KP);
PI_controller controller(
12.5, // Kp
1.0, // Ti
0.004 // T = 4 ms
);
InitializationState initialization_state;
// Pre-operational velur á milli stýringanna með 'c'
PreOperationalState pre_operational_state(p_controller, pi_controller);
OperationalState operational_state;
StoppedState stopped_state;
// Stöðurnar verða að vera skilgreindar á undan motor_controller
MotorController motor_controller(
encoder,
motor,
pi_controller, // Sjálfgefin stýring
controller,
initialization_state,
pre_operational_state,
operational_state,
stopped_state
);
@@ -53,24 +47,39 @@ MotorController motor_controller(
int main()
{
init();
Serial.begin(115200);
cli();
encoder.begin();
motor.begin();
sei();
// motor_controller.set_states(
// &initialization_state,
// &operational_state,
// &stopped_state
// );
motor_controller.begin();
while (true)
{
if (Serial.available() > 0)
{
char c = Serial.read();
motor_controller.command(c);
if (c != '\n' && c != '\r')
{
motor_controller.command(c);
}
}
@@ -81,4 +90,6 @@ int main()
return 0;
}
#endif
// int main(){
// return 0;
// }
+24 -63
View File
@@ -7,27 +7,24 @@
MotorController::MotorController(
RotaryEncoderDriver& encoder,
MotorDriver& motor,
P_controller& controller,
//P_controller& controller,
//PI_controller& controller;
Controller& controller,
State& initialization,
State& pre_operational,
State& operational,
State& stopped
)
: current_state(nullptr),
initialization_state(initialization),
pre_operational_state(pre_operational),
operational_state(operational),
stopped_state(stopped),
encoder(encoder),
motor(motor),
controller(&controller),
controller(controller),
led(LED_PIN),
reference_rpm(DEFAULT_REFERENCE_RPM),
last_actual_rpm(0.0),
last_pwm(0.0)
reference_rpm(DEFAULT_REFERENCE_RPM)
{
initialization_state.set_context(this);
pre_operational_state.set_context(this);
operational_state.set_context(this);
stopped_state.set_context(this);
}
@@ -63,6 +60,8 @@ void MotorController::transition_to(State& new_state)
current_state = &new_state;
current_state->set_context(this);
current_state->enter();
}
@@ -90,11 +89,6 @@ void MotorController::to_initialization()
transition_to(initialization_state);
}
void MotorController::to_pre_operational()
{
transition_to(pre_operational_state);
}
void MotorController::to_operational()
{
@@ -102,37 +96,20 @@ void MotorController::to_operational()
}
bool MotorController::run_speed_controller()
void MotorController::run_speed_controller()
{
if (!encoder.new_speed_available())
if (encoder.new_speed_available())
{
return false;
double actual = encoder.rpm();
double pwm_percent =
controller.update(reference_rpm, actual);
double pwm =
pwm_percent * PWM_PER_PERCENT;
motor.set(pwm);
}
double actual = encoder.rpm();
double pwm_percent =
controller->update(reference_rpm, actual);
double pwm =
pwm_percent * PWM_PER_PERCENT;
// Klippt hér svo last_pwm sé nákvæmlega það sem fer á mótorinn
if (pwm > 255.0)
{
pwm = 255.0;
}
else if (pwm < -255.0)
{
pwm = -255.0;
}
motor.set(pwm);
last_actual_rpm = actual;
last_pwm = pwm;
return true;
}
@@ -147,28 +124,6 @@ void MotorController::reset_speed_measurement()
encoder.reset_speed_measurement();
}
void MotorController::reset_controller()
{
controller->reset();
}
void MotorController::set_Kp(double value)
{
controller->set_Kp(value);
}
void MotorController::set_Ti(double value)
{
controller->set_Ti(value);
}
void MotorController::set_controller(P_controller& new_controller)
{
controller = &new_controller;
controller->reset();
}
void MotorController::to_stopped()
{
transition_to(stopped_state);
@@ -179,6 +134,11 @@ bool MotorController::fault_active()
return motor.fault_active();
}
void MotorController::reset_controller()
{
controller.reset();
}
void MotorController::led_on()
{
led.set_hi();
@@ -189,3 +149,4 @@ void MotorController::led_off()
{
led.set_lo();
}
+1 -30
View File
@@ -8,15 +8,7 @@ void OperationalState::enter()
{
Serial.println("State: Operational");
context->reset_controller();
context->led_on();
sample_count = 0;
#if LOG_CSV
Serial.println("time_ms,ref_rpm,actual_rpm,pwm");
#endif
}
// Part 1
@@ -39,21 +31,7 @@ void OperationalState::update()
return;
}
if (context->run_speed_controller())
{
sample_count++;
#if LOG_CSV
// 4 ms á milli sýna, tíminn byrjar á 0 við hverja innkomu í Operational
Serial.print(sample_count * 4UL);
Serial.print(',');
Serial.print(context->get_reference_rpm(), 1);
Serial.print(',');
Serial.print(context->get_actual_rpm(), 2);
Serial.print(',');
Serial.println(context->get_pwm(), 1);
#endif
}
context->run_speed_controller();
}
@@ -65,13 +43,6 @@ void OperationalState::command(char c)
context->to_initialization();
}
else if (c == 'p' || c == 'P')
{
Serial.println("Command: set pre-operational");
context->to_pre_operational();
}
}
+44 -24
View File
@@ -1,37 +1,57 @@
#include "pi_controller.h"
PI_controller::PI_controller(double Kp, double Ti, double T) : P_controller(Kp), Ti(Ti), T(T), integral(0.0)
PI_controller::PI_controller(
double Kp,
double Ti,
double T
)
: Kp(Kp),
Ti(Ti),
T(T),
integral(0.0)
{
}
double PI_controller::update(double ref, double actual)
{
double e = ref - actual;
double new_integral = integral + e * T;
double u = Kp * (e + new_integral / Ti);
if (u > U_MAX)
{
u = U_MAX;
}
else if (u < U_MIN)
{
u = U_MIN;
}
else
{
integral = new_integral;
}
return u;
// return 0.0;
return 0.0;
}
// double PI_controller::update(double ref, double actual)
// {
// double error = ref - actual;
// double new_integral =
// integral + error * T;
// double output =
// Kp * (error + new_integral / Ti);
// // Positive saturation
// if (output > 100.0)
// {
// return 100.0;
// }
// // Negative saturation
// if (output < -100.0)
// {
// return -100.0;
// }
// // Only save the integral if the controller
// // is not saturated
// integral = new_integral;
// return output;
// }
void PI_controller::reset()
{
integral = 0.0;
}
void PI_controller::set_Ti(double value)
{
Ti = value;
}
-161
View File
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
#include "pre_operational_state.h"
#include "motor_controller.h"
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
PreOperationalState::PreOperationalState(P_controller& p_controller, P_controller& pi_controller)
: p_controller(p_controller),
pi_controller(pi_controller),
pi_selected(true),
previous_time(0),
led_state(false),
//waiting_for_kp(false),
//waiting_for_ti(false),
input_mode(NONE),
input_index(0)
{
}
void PreOperationalState::enter()
{
Serial.println("State: Pre-operational");
context->stop_motor();
context->led_off();
led_state = false;
previous_time = millis();
}
void PreOperationalState::update()
{
unsigned long current_time = millis();
if (current_time - previous_time >= 500)
{
previous_time = current_time;
led_state = !led_state;
if (led_state)
{
context->led_on();
}
else
{
context->led_off();
}
}
}
void PreOperationalState::command(char c)
{
// We are currently entering a Kp or Ti value
if (input_mode != NONE)
{
// Enter pressed
if (c == '\n' || c == '\r')
{
if (input_index > 0)
{
// End the string
input_buffer[input_index] = '\0';
// Convert text to a number
double value = atof(input_buffer);
if (input_mode == ENTER_KP)
{
context->set_Kp(value);
Serial.print("Kp set to: ");
Serial.println(value);
}
else if (input_mode == ENTER_TI)
{
context->set_Ti(value);
Serial.print("Ti set to: ");
Serial.println(value);
}
}
// Finished entering a value
input_index = 0;
input_mode = NONE;
return;
}
// Store number characters
if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
c == '.' ||
c == '-')
{
if (input_index < sizeof(input_buffer) - 1)
{
input_buffer[input_index] = c;
input_index++;
}
}
return;
}
// Normal state commands
if (c == 'o' || c == 'O')
{
Serial.println("Command: set operational");
context->to_operational();
}
else if (c == 'r' || c == 'R')
{
Serial.println("Command: reset");
context->to_initialization();
}
else if (c == 'k' || c == 'K')
{
input_mode = ENTER_KP;
input_index = 0;
Serial.println("Enter Kp and press Enter:");
}
else if (c == 't' || c == 'T')
{
input_mode = ENTER_TI;
input_index = 0;
Serial.println("Enter Ti and press Enter:");
}
// Select controller algorithm, the controller is passed to the motor controller
else if (c == 'c' || c == 'C')
{
pi_selected = !pi_selected;
if (pi_selected)
{
context->set_controller(pi_controller);
Serial.println("Controller: PI");
}
else
{
context->set_controller(p_controller);
Serial.println("Controller: P");
}
}
}
void PreOperationalState::exit()
{
context->led_off();
}
+6 -17
View File
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ void StoppedState::enter()
led_state = false;
context->led_off();
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
previous_time = millis();
}
@@ -36,14 +36,10 @@ void StoppedState::update()
led_state = !led_state;
if (led_state)
{
context->led_on();
}
else
{
context->led_off();
}
digitalWrite(
LED_BUILTIN,
led_state ? HIGH : LOW
);
}
}
@@ -65,17 +61,10 @@ void StoppedState::command(char c)
context->to_operational();
}
else if (c == 'p' || c == 'P')
{
Serial.println("Command: set pre-operational");
context->to_pre_operational();
}
}
void StoppedState::exit()
{
context->led_off();
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
}
+14 -136
View File
@@ -1,150 +1,28 @@
#include <unity.h>
// #ifdef ARDUINO
#include <Arduino.h>
// #endif
#include "p_controller.h"
//#include "p_controller.h"
#include "pi_controller.h"
static const double KP = 2.0;
static const double TI = 1.0;
static const double KI = 1.0;
static const double T = 0.1;
static const double TOL = 1e-4; // double er 32-bita float a AVR
static const double TOL = 1e-4; // Tolerance
// void setUp(void) {}
// void tearDown(void) {}
// Normal flow: engin villa -> ekkert úttak
void test_zero_error_gives_zero_output(void)
void test_positive_error()
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, 0.0, c.update(10.0, 10.0));
PI_controller controller(KP, KI, T);
double output = controller.update(10.0, 8.0);
TEST_ASSERT_DOUBLE_WITHIN(TOL, 4.4, output);
}
// Normal flow: fyrsta skref u = Kp * (e + e*T/Ti)
void test_first_step(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
double e = 5.0;
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, KP * (e + e * T / TI), c.update(e, 0.0));
}
// Normal flow: stöðug villa safnast upp, u_n = Kp * (e + n*e*T/Ti)
void test_integral_accumulates(void)
int main()
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
double e = 5.0;
double u = 0.0;
for (int n = 1; n <= 5; n++)
{
u = c.update(e, 0.0);
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, KP * (e + n * e * T / TI), u);
}
}
// Normal flow: þegar villan er orðin 0 heldur integralið úttakinu uppi
void test_output_held_when_error_zero(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
double e = 5.0;
for (int n = 0; n < 5; n++)
{
c.update(e, 0.0);
}
double E = 5 * e * T;
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, KP * E / TI, c.update(0.0, 0.0));
}
// Alt flow: villa langt utan getu -> mettun í +100 %
void test_saturates_high(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, 100.0, c.update(10000.0, 0.0));
}
// Alt flow: mettun í -100 %
void test_saturates_low(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, -100.0, c.update(-10000.0, 0.0));
}
// Alt flow: anti-windup. Eftir langa mettun á lítil neikvæð villa
// strax að gefa úttak undir mettun (integralið óx ekki)
void test_no_integral_windup(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
for (int n = 0; n < 1000; n++)
{
c.update(10000.0, 0.0);
}
double u = c.update(0.0, 1.0); // e = -1
TEST_ASSERT_TRUE(u < 0.0);
}
// Alt flow: reset (stopped -> operational) hreinsar integralið
void test_reset_clears_integral(void)
{
PI_controller c(KP, TI, T);
for (int n = 0; n < 5; n++)
{
c.update(5.0, 0.0);
}
c.reset();
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, 0.0, c.update(0.0, 0.0));
}
// Polymorphism: kall í gegnum P_controller& gefur PI hegðun
void test_polymorphic_update(void)
{
PI_controller pi(KP, TI, T);
P_controller& c = pi;
double e = 5.0;
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, KP * (e + e * T / TI), c.update(e, 0.0));
}
// P_controller hegðar sér óbreytt
void test_p_controller_unchanged(void)
{
P_controller c(KP);
TEST_ASSERT_FLOAT_WITHIN(TOL, KP * 5.0, c.update(5.0, 0.0));
}
void setup()
{
// init();
delay(2000);
UNITY_BEGIN();
RUN_TEST(test_zero_error_gives_zero_output);
RUN_TEST(test_first_step);
RUN_TEST(test_integral_accumulates);
RUN_TEST(test_output_held_when_error_zero);
RUN_TEST(test_saturates_high);
RUN_TEST(test_saturates_low);
RUN_TEST(test_no_integral_windup);
RUN_TEST(test_reset_clears_integral);
RUN_TEST(test_polymorphic_update);
RUN_TEST(test_p_controller_unchanged);
// return UNITY_END();
UNITY_END();
RUN_TEST(test_positive_error);
return UNITY_END();
}
void loop() {}
// #ifdef ARDUINO
// void setup()
// {
// delay(2000); // bida eftir serial tengingu eftir reset
// run_tests();
// }
// void loop()
// {
// }
// #else
// int main(int argc, char** argv)
// {
// return run_tests();
// }
// #endif