diff --git a/synchronizer/doc/IEEEtran.bst b/synchronizer/doc/IEEEtran.bst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b84127 --- /dev/null +++ b/synchronizer/doc/IEEEtran.bst @@ -0,0 +1,2417 @@ +%% +%% IEEEtran.bst +%% BibTeX Bibliography Style file for IEEE Journals and Conferences (unsorted) +%% Version 1.12 (2007/01/11) +%% +%% Copyright (c) 2003-2007 Michael Shell +%% +%% Original starting code base and algorithms obtained from the output of +%% Patrick W. Daly's makebst package as well as from prior versions of +%% IEEE BibTeX styles: +%% +%% 1. Howard Trickey and Oren Patashnik's ieeetr.bst (1985/1988) +%% 2. Silvano Balemi and Richard H. Roy's IEEEbib.bst (1993) +%% +%% Support sites: +%% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/ +%% http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/IEEEtran/ +%% and/or +%% http://www.ieee.org/ +%% +%% For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later +%% +%% This is a numerical citation style. +%% +%%************************************************************************* +%% Legal Notice: +%% This code is offered as-is without any warranty either expressed or +%% implied; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or +%% FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE! +%% User assumes all risk. +%% In no event shall IEEE or any contributor to this code be liable for +%% any damages or losses, including, but not limited to, incidental, +%% consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the use or misuse +%% of any information contained here. +%% +%% All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not +%% necessarily endorsed by the IEEE. +%% +%% This work is distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) +%% ( http://www.latex-project.org/ ) version 1.3, and may be freely used, +%% distributed and modified. A copy of the LPPL, version 1.3, is included +%% in the base LaTeX documentation of all distributions of LaTeX released +%% 2003/12/01 or later. +%% Retain all contribution notices and credits. +%% ** Modified files should be clearly indicated as such, including ** +%% ** renaming them and changing author support contact information. ** +%% +%% File list of work: IEEEabrv.bib, IEEEfull.bib, IEEEexample.bib, +%% IEEEtran.bst, IEEEtranS.bst, IEEEtranSA.bst, +%% IEEEtranN.bst, IEEEtranSN.bst, IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf +%%************************************************************************* +% +% +% Changelog: +% +% 1.00 (2002/08/13) Initial release +% +% 1.10 (2002/09/27) +% 1. Corrected minor bug for improperly formed warning message when a +% book was not given a title. Thanks to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this. +% 2. Added support for CTLname_format_string and CTLname_latex_cmd fields +% in the BST control entry type. +% +% 1.11 (2003/04/02) +% 1. Fixed bug with URLs containing underscores when using url.sty. Thanks +% to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this. +% +% 1.12 (2007/01/11) +% 1. Fixed bug with unwanted comma before "et al." when an entry contained +% more than two author names. Thanks to Pallav Gupta for reporting this. +% 2. Fixed bug with anomalous closing quote in tech reports that have a +% type, but without a number or address. Thanks to Mehrdad Mirreza for +% reporting this. +% 3. Use braces in \providecommand in begin.bib to better support +% latex2html. TeX style length assignments OK with recent versions +% of latex2html - 1.71 (2002/2/1) or later is strongly recommended. +% Use of the language field still causes trouble with latex2html. +% Thanks to Federico Beffa for reporting this. +% 4. Added IEEEtran.bst ID and version comment string to .bbl output. +% 5. Provide a \BIBdecl hook that allows the user to execute commands +% just prior to the first entry. +% 6. Use default urlstyle (is using url.sty) of "same" rather than rm to +% better work with a wider variety of bibliography styles. +% 7. Changed month abbreviations from Sept., July and June to Sep., Jul., +% and Jun., respectively, as IEEE now does. Thanks to Moritz Borgmann +% for reporting this. +% 8. Control entry types should not be considered when calculating longest +% label width. +% 9. Added alias www for electronic/online. +% 10. Added CTLname_url_prefix control entry type. + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% DEFAULTS FOR THE CONTROLS OF THE BST STYLE %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +% These are the defaults for the user adjustable controls. The values used +% here can be overridden by the user via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type. + +% NOTE: The recommended LaTeX command to invoke a control entry type is: +% +%\makeatletter +%\def\bstctlcite{\@ifnextchar[{\@bstctlcite}{\@bstctlcite[@auxout]}} +%\def\@bstctlcite[#1]#2{\@bsphack +% \@for\@citeb:=#2\do{% +% \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}% +% \if@filesw\immediate\write\csname #1\endcsname{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi}% +% \@esphack} +%\makeatother +% +% It is called at the start of the document, before the first \cite, like: +% \bstctlcite{IEEEexample:BSTcontrol} +% +% IEEEtran.cls V1.6 and later does provide this command. + + + +% #0 turns off the display of the number for articles. +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {default.is.use.number.for.article} { #1 } + + +% #0 turns off the display of the paper and type fields in @inproceedings. +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {default.is.use.paper} { #1 } + + +% #0 turns off the forced use of "et al." +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {default.is.forced.et.al} { #0 } + +% The maximum number of names that can be present beyond which an "et al." +% usage is forced. Be sure that num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al (below) +% is not greater than this value! +% Note: There are many instances of references in IEEE journals which have +% a very large number of authors as well as instances in which "et al." is +% used profusely. +FUNCTION {default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al} { #10 } + +% The number of names that will be shown with a forced "et al.". +% Must be less than or equal to max.num.names.before.forced.et.al +FUNCTION {default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al} { #1 } + + +% #0 turns off the alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs. +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing} { #1 } + +% If alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs is enabled, this is +% the interword spacing stretch factor that will be used. For example, the +% default "4" here means that the interword spacing in entries with URLs can +% stretch to four times normal. Does not have to be an integer. Note that +% the value specified here can be overridden by the user in their LaTeX +% code via a command such as: +% "\providecommand\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor{1.5}" in addition to +% that via the IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type. +FUNCTION {default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor} { "4" } + + +% #0 turns off the "dashification" of repeated (i.e., identical to those +% of the previous entry) names. IEEE normally does this. +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {default.is.dash.repeated.names} { #1 } + + +% The default name format control string. +FUNCTION {default.name.format.string}{ "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" } + + +% The default LaTeX font command for the names. +FUNCTION {default.name.latex.cmd}{ "" } + + +% The default URL prefix. +FUNCTION {default.name.url.prefix}{ "[Online]. Available:" } + + +% Other controls that cannot be accessed via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type. + +% #0 turns off the terminal startup banner/completed message so as to +% operate more quietly. +% #1 enables +FUNCTION {is.print.banners.to.terminal} { #1 } + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% FILE VERSION AND BANNER %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +FUNCTION{bst.file.version} { "1.12" } +FUNCTION{bst.file.date} { "2007/01/11" } +FUNCTION{bst.file.website} { "http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/" } + +FUNCTION {banner.message} +{ is.print.banners.to.terminal + { "-- IEEEtran.bst version" " " * bst.file.version * + " (" * bst.file.date * ") " * "by Michael Shell." * + top$ + "-- " bst.file.website * + top$ + "-- See the " quote$ * "IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf" * quote$ * " manual for usage information." * + top$ + } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {completed.message} +{ is.print.banners.to.terminal + { "" + top$ + "Done." + top$ + } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% STRING CONSTANTS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +FUNCTION {bbl.and}{ "and" } +FUNCTION {bbl.etal}{ "et~al." } +FUNCTION {bbl.editors}{ "eds." } +FUNCTION {bbl.editor}{ "ed." } +FUNCTION {bbl.edition}{ "ed." } +FUNCTION {bbl.volume}{ "vol." } +FUNCTION {bbl.of}{ "of" } +FUNCTION {bbl.number}{ "no." } +FUNCTION {bbl.in}{ "in" } +FUNCTION {bbl.pages}{ "pp." } +FUNCTION {bbl.page}{ "p." } +FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}{ "ch." } +FUNCTION {bbl.paper}{ "paper" } +FUNCTION {bbl.part}{ "pt." } +FUNCTION {bbl.patent}{ "Patent" } +FUNCTION {bbl.patentUS}{ "U.S." } +FUNCTION {bbl.revision}{ "Rev." } +FUNCTION {bbl.series}{ "ser." } +FUNCTION {bbl.standard}{ "Std." } +FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}{ "Tech. Rep." } +FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}{ "Master's thesis" } +FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}{ "Ph.D. dissertation" } +FUNCTION {bbl.st}{ "st" } +FUNCTION {bbl.nd}{ "nd" } +FUNCTION {bbl.rd}{ "rd" } +FUNCTION {bbl.th}{ "th" } + + +% This is the LaTeX spacer that is used when a larger than normal space +% is called for (such as just before the address:publisher). +FUNCTION {large.space} { "\hskip 1em plus 0.5em minus 0.4em\relax " } + +% The LaTeX code for dashes that are used to represent repeated names. +% Note: Some older IEEE journals used something like +% "\rule{0.275in}{0.5pt}\," which is fairly thick and runs right along +% the baseline. However, IEEE now uses a thinner, above baseline, +% six dash long sequence. +FUNCTION {repeated.name.dashes} { "------" } + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% PREDEFINED STRING MACROS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +MACRO {jan} {"Jan."} +MACRO {feb} {"Feb."} +MACRO {mar} {"Mar."} +MACRO {apr} {"Apr."} +MACRO {may} {"May"} +MACRO {jun} {"Jun."} +MACRO {jul} {"Jul."} +MACRO {aug} {"Aug."} +MACRO {sep} {"Sep."} +MACRO {oct} {"Oct."} +MACRO {nov} {"Nov."} +MACRO {dec} {"Dec."} + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% ENTRY FIELDS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +ENTRY + { address + assignee + author + booktitle + chapter + day + dayfiled + edition + editor + howpublished + institution + intype + journal + key + language + month + monthfiled + nationality + note + number + organization + pages + paper + publisher + school + series + revision + title + type + url + volume + year + yearfiled + CTLuse_article_number + CTLuse_paper + CTLuse_forced_etal + CTLmax_names_forced_etal + CTLnames_show_etal + CTLuse_alt_spacing + CTLalt_stretch_factor + CTLdash_repeated_names + CTLname_format_string + CTLname_latex_cmd + CTLname_url_prefix + } + {} + { label } + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% INTEGER VARIABLES %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +INTEGERS { prev.status.punct this.status.punct punct.std + punct.no punct.comma punct.period + prev.status.space this.status.space space.std + space.no space.normal space.large + prev.status.quote this.status.quote quote.std + quote.no quote.close + prev.status.nline this.status.nline nline.std + nline.no nline.newblock + status.cap cap.std + cap.no cap.yes} + +INTEGERS { longest.label.width multiresult nameptr namesleft number.label numnames } + +INTEGERS { is.use.number.for.article + is.use.paper + is.forced.et.al + max.num.names.before.forced.et.al + num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al + is.use.alt.interword.spacing + is.dash.repeated.names} + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% STRING VARIABLES %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +STRINGS { bibinfo + longest.label + oldname + s + t + ALTinterwordstretchfactor + name.format.string + name.latex.cmd + name.url.prefix} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +FUNCTION {initialize.controls} +{ default.is.use.number.for.article 'is.use.number.for.article := + default.is.use.paper 'is.use.paper := + default.is.forced.et.al 'is.forced.et.al := + default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al := + default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al := + default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing := + default.is.dash.repeated.names 'is.dash.repeated.names := + default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor := + default.name.format.string 'name.format.string := + default.name.latex.cmd 'name.latex.cmd := + default.name.url.prefix 'name.url.prefix := +} + + +% This IEEEtran.bst features a very powerful and flexible mechanism for +% controlling the capitalization, punctuation, spacing, quotation, and +% newlines of the formatted entry fields. (Note: IEEEtran.bst does not need +% or use the newline/newblock feature, but it has been implemented for +% possible future use.) The output states of IEEEtran.bst consist of +% multiple independent attributes and, as such, can be thought of as being +% vectors, rather than the simple scalar values ("before.all", +% "mid.sentence", etc.) used in most other .bst files. +% +% The more flexible and complex design used here was motivated in part by +% IEEE's rather unusual bibliography style. For example, IEEE ends the +% previous field item with a period and large space prior to the publisher +% address; the @electronic entry types use periods as inter-item punctuation +% rather than the commas used by the other entry types; and URLs are never +% followed by periods even though they are the last item in the entry. +% Although it is possible to accommodate these features with the conventional +% output state system, the seemingly endless exceptions make for convoluted, +% unreliable and difficult to maintain code. +% +% IEEEtran.bst's output state system can be easily understood via a simple +% illustration of two most recently formatted entry fields (on the stack): +% +% CURRENT_ITEM +% "PREVIOUS_ITEM +% +% which, in this example, is to eventually appear in the bibliography as: +% +% "PREVIOUS_ITEM," CURRENT_ITEM +% +% It is the job of the output routine to take the previous item off of the +% stack (while leaving the current item at the top of the stack), apply its +% trailing punctuation (including closing quote marks) and spacing, and then +% to write the result to BibTeX's output buffer: +% +% "PREVIOUS_ITEM," +% +% Punctuation (and spacing) between items is often determined by both of the +% items rather than just the first one. The presence of quotation marks +% further complicates the situation because, in standard English, trailing +% punctuation marks are supposed to be contained within the quotes. +% +% IEEEtran.bst maintains two output state (aka "status") vectors which +% correspond to the previous and current (aka "this") items. Each vector +% consists of several independent attributes which track punctuation, +% spacing, quotation, and newlines. Capitalization status is handled by a +% separate scalar because the format routines, not the output routine, +% handle capitalization and, therefore, there is no need to maintain the +% capitalization attribute for both the "previous" and "this" items. +% +% When a format routine adds a new item, it copies the current output status +% vector to the previous output status vector and (usually) resets the +% current (this) output status vector to a "standard status" vector. Using a +% "standard status" vector in this way allows us to redefine what we mean by +% "standard status" at the start of each entry handler and reuse the same +% format routines under the various inter-item separation schemes. For +% example, the standard status vector for the @book entry type may use +% commas for item separators, while the @electronic type may use periods, +% yet both entry handlers exploit many of the exact same format routines. +% +% Because format routines have write access to the output status vector of +% the previous item, they can override the punctuation choices of the +% previous format routine! Therefore, it becomes trivial to implement rules +% such as "Always use a period and a large space before the publisher." By +% pushing the generation of the closing quote mark to the output routine, we +% avoid all the problems caused by having to close a quote before having all +% the information required to determine what the punctuation should be. +% +% The IEEEtran.bst output state system can easily be expanded if needed. +% For instance, it is easy to add a "space.tie" attribute value if the +% bibliography rules mandate that two items have to be joined with an +% unbreakable space. + +FUNCTION {initialize.status.constants} +{ #0 'punct.no := + #1 'punct.comma := + #2 'punct.period := + #0 'space.no := + #1 'space.normal := + #2 'space.large := + #0 'quote.no := + #1 'quote.close := + #0 'cap.no := + #1 'cap.yes := + #0 'nline.no := + #1 'nline.newblock := +} + +FUNCTION {std.status.using.comma} +{ punct.comma 'punct.std := + space.normal 'space.std := + quote.no 'quote.std := + nline.no 'nline.std := + cap.no 'cap.std := +} + +FUNCTION {std.status.using.period} +{ punct.period 'punct.std := + space.normal 'space.std := + quote.no 'quote.std := + nline.no 'nline.std := + cap.yes 'cap.std := +} + +FUNCTION {initialize.prev.this.status} +{ punct.no 'prev.status.punct := + space.no 'prev.status.space := + quote.no 'prev.status.quote := + nline.no 'prev.status.nline := + punct.no 'this.status.punct := + space.no 'this.status.space := + quote.no 'this.status.quote := + nline.no 'this.status.nline := + cap.yes 'status.cap := +} + +FUNCTION {this.status.std} +{ punct.std 'this.status.punct := + space.std 'this.status.space := + quote.std 'this.status.quote := + nline.std 'this.status.nline := +} + +FUNCTION {cap.status.std}{ cap.std 'status.cap := } + +FUNCTION {this.to.prev.status} +{ this.status.punct 'prev.status.punct := + this.status.space 'prev.status.space := + this.status.quote 'prev.status.quote := + this.status.nline 'prev.status.nline := +} + + +FUNCTION {not} +{ { #0 } + { #1 } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {and} +{ { skip$ } + { pop$ #0 } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {or} +{ { pop$ #1 } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + + +% convert the strings "yes" or "no" to #1 or #0 respectively +FUNCTION {yes.no.to.int} +{ "l" change.case$ duplicate$ + "yes" = + { pop$ #1 } + { duplicate$ "no" = + { pop$ #0 } + { "unknown boolean " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ * + " in " * cite$ * warning$ + #0 + } + if$ + } + if$ +} + + +% pushes true if the single char string on the stack is in the +% range of "0" to "9" +FUNCTION {is.num} +{ chr.to.int$ + duplicate$ "0" chr.to.int$ < not + swap$ "9" chr.to.int$ > not and +} + +% multiplies the integer on the stack by a factor of 10 +FUNCTION {bump.int.mag} +{ #0 'multiresult := + { duplicate$ #0 > } + { #1 - + multiresult #10 + + 'multiresult := + } + while$ +pop$ +multiresult +} + +% converts a single character string on the stack to an integer +FUNCTION {char.to.integer} +{ duplicate$ + is.num + { chr.to.int$ "0" chr.to.int$ - } + {"noninteger character " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ * + " in integer field of " * cite$ * warning$ + #0 + } + if$ +} + +% converts a string on the stack to an integer +FUNCTION {string.to.integer} +{ duplicate$ text.length$ 'namesleft := + #1 'nameptr := + #0 'numnames := + { nameptr namesleft > not } + { duplicate$ nameptr #1 substring$ + char.to.integer numnames bump.int.mag + + 'numnames := + nameptr #1 + + 'nameptr := + } + while$ +pop$ +numnames +} + + + + +% The output routines write out the *next* to the top (previous) item on the +% stack, adding punctuation and such as needed. Since IEEEtran.bst maintains +% the output status for the top two items on the stack, these output +% routines have to consider the previous output status (which corresponds to +% the item that is being output). Full independent control of punctuation, +% closing quote marks, spacing, and newblock is provided. +% +% "output.nonnull" does not check for the presence of a previous empty +% item. +% +% "output" does check for the presence of a previous empty item and will +% remove an empty item rather than outputing it. +% +% "output.warn" is like "output", but will issue a warning if it detects +% an empty item. + +FUNCTION {output.nonnull} +{ swap$ + prev.status.punct punct.comma = + { "," * } + { skip$ } + if$ + prev.status.punct punct.period = + { add.period$ } + { skip$ } + if$ + prev.status.quote quote.close = + { "''" * } + { skip$ } + if$ + prev.status.space space.normal = + { " " * } + { skip$ } + if$ + prev.status.space space.large = + { large.space * } + { skip$ } + if$ + write$ + prev.status.nline nline.newblock = + { newline$ "\newblock " write$ } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {output} +{ duplicate$ empty$ + 'pop$ + 'output.nonnull + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {output.warn} +{ 't := + duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ } + 'output.nonnull + if$ +} + +% "fin.entry" is the output routine that handles the last item of the entry +% (which will be on the top of the stack when "fin.entry" is called). + +FUNCTION {fin.entry} +{ this.status.punct punct.no = + { skip$ } + { add.period$ } + if$ + this.status.quote quote.close = + { "''" * } + { skip$ } + if$ +write$ +newline$ +} + + +FUNCTION {is.last.char.not.punct} +{ duplicate$ + "}" * add.period$ + #-1 #1 substring$ "." = +} + +FUNCTION {is.multiple.pages} +{ 't := + #0 'multiresult := + { multiresult not + t empty$ not + and + } + { t #1 #1 substring$ + duplicate$ "-" = + swap$ duplicate$ "," = + swap$ "+" = + or or + { #1 'multiresult := } + { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := } + if$ + } + while$ + multiresult +} + +FUNCTION {capitalize}{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ } + +FUNCTION {emphasize} +{ duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ "" } + { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {do.name.latex.cmd} +{ name.latex.cmd + empty$ + { skip$ } + { name.latex.cmd "{" * swap$ * "}" * } + if$ +} + +% IEEEtran.bst uses its own \BIBforeignlanguage command which directly +% invokes the TeX hyphenation patterns without the need of the Babel +% package. Babel does a lot more than switch hyphenation patterns and +% its loading can cause unintended effects in many class files (such as +% IEEEtran.cls). +FUNCTION {select.language} +{ duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$ + { language empty$ 'skip$ + { "\BIBforeignlanguage{" language * "}{" * swap$ * "}" * } + if$ + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix} +{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 < + { "~" } + { " " } + if$ + swap$ +} + +FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor} +{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ } + +FUNCTION {space.word}{ " " swap$ * " " * } + + +% Field Conditioners, Converters, Checkers and External Interfaces + +FUNCTION {empty.field.to.null.string} +{ duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ "" } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {either.or.check} +{ empty$ + { pop$ } + { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {empty.entry.warn} +{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$ + month empty$ year empty$ note empty$ url empty$ + and and and and and and + { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ } + 'skip$ + if$ +} + + +% The bibinfo system provides a way for the electronic parsing/acquisition +% of a bibliography's contents as is done by ReVTeX. For example, a field +% could be entered into the bibliography as: +% \bibinfo{volume}{2} +% Only the "2" would show up in the document, but the LaTeX \bibinfo command +% could do additional things with the information. IEEEtran.bst does provide +% a \bibinfo command via "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}". However, it is +% currently not used as the bogus bibinfo functions defined here output the +% entry values directly without the \bibinfo wrapper. The bibinfo functions +% themselves (and the calls to them) are retained for possible future use. +% +% bibinfo.check avoids acting on missing fields while bibinfo.warn will +% issue a warning message if a missing field is detected. Prior to calling +% the bibinfo functions, the user should push the field value and then its +% name string, in that order. + +FUNCTION {bibinfo.check} +{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$ + { pop$ pop$ "" } + { duplicate$ empty$ + { swap$ pop$ } + { swap$ pop$ } + if$ + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn} +{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$ + { swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$ "" } + { duplicate$ empty$ + { swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ } + { swap$ pop$ } + if$ + } + if$ +} + + +% IEEE separates large numbers with more than 4 digits into groups of +% three. IEEE uses a small space to separate these number groups. +% Typical applications include patent and page numbers. + +% number of consecutive digits required to trigger the group separation. +FUNCTION {large.number.trigger}{ #5 } + +% For numbers longer than the trigger, this is the blocksize of the groups. +% The blocksize must be less than the trigger threshold, and 2 * blocksize +% must be greater than the trigger threshold (can't do more than one +% separation on the initial trigger). +FUNCTION {large.number.blocksize}{ #3 } + +% What is actually inserted between the number groups. +FUNCTION {large.number.separator}{ "\," } + +% So as to save on integer variables by reusing existing ones, numnames +% holds the current number of consecutive digits read and nameptr holds +% the number that will trigger an inserted space. +FUNCTION {large.number.separate} +{ 't := + "" + #0 'numnames := + large.number.trigger 'nameptr := + { t empty$ not } + { t #-1 #1 substring$ is.num + { numnames #1 + 'numnames := } + { #0 'numnames := + large.number.trigger 'nameptr := + } + if$ + t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ * + t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't := + numnames nameptr = + { duplicate$ #1 nameptr large.number.blocksize - substring$ swap$ + nameptr large.number.blocksize - #1 + global.max$ substring$ + large.number.separator swap$ * * + nameptr large.number.blocksize - 'numnames := + large.number.blocksize #1 + 'nameptr := + } + { skip$ } + if$ + } + while$ +} + +% Converts all single dashes "-" to double dashes "--". +FUNCTION {n.dashify} +{ large.number.separate + 't := + "" + { t empty$ not } + { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = + { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not + { "--" * + t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := + } + { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = } + { "-" * + t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := + } + while$ + } + if$ + } + { t #1 #1 substring$ * + t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := + } + if$ + } + while$ +} + + +% This function detects entries with names that are identical to that of +% the previous entry and replaces the repeated names with dashes (if the +% "is.dash.repeated.names" user control is nonzero). +FUNCTION {name.or.dash} +{ 's := + oldname empty$ + { s 'oldname := s } + { s oldname = + { is.dash.repeated.names + { repeated.name.dashes } + { s 'oldname := s } + if$ + } + { s 'oldname := s } + if$ + } + if$ +} + +% Converts the number string on the top of the stack to +% "numerical ordinal form" (e.g., "7" to "7th"). There is +% no artificial limit to the upper bound of the numbers as the +% least significant digit always determines the ordinal form. +FUNCTION {num.to.ordinal} +{ duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "1" = + { bbl.st * } + { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "2" = + { bbl.nd * } + { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "3" = + { bbl.rd * } + { bbl.th * } + if$ + } + if$ + } + if$ +} + +% If the string on the top of the stack begins with a number, +% (e.g., 11th) then replace the string with the leading number +% it contains. Otherwise retain the string as-is. s holds the +% extracted number, t holds the part of the string that remains +% to be scanned. +FUNCTION {extract.num} +{ duplicate$ 't := + "" 's := + { t empty$ not } + { t #1 #1 substring$ + t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := + duplicate$ is.num + { s swap$ * 's := } + { pop$ "" 't := } + if$ + } + while$ + s empty$ + 'skip$ + { pop$ s } + if$ +} + +% Converts the word number string on the top of the stack to +% Arabic string form. Will be successful up to "tenth". +FUNCTION {word.to.num} +{ duplicate$ "l" change.case$ 's := + s "first" = + { pop$ "1" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "second" = + { pop$ "2" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "third" = + { pop$ "3" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "fourth" = + { pop$ "4" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "fifth" = + { pop$ "5" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "sixth" = + { pop$ "6" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "seventh" = + { pop$ "7" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "eighth" = + { pop$ "8" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "ninth" = + { pop$ "9" } + { skip$ } + if$ + s "tenth" = + { pop$ "10" } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + + +% Converts the string on the top of the stack to numerical +% ordinal (e.g., "11th") form. +FUNCTION {convert.edition} +{ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num + { extract.num + num.to.ordinal + } + { word.to.num + duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num + { num.to.ordinal } + { "edition ordinal word " quote$ * edition * quote$ * + " may be too high (or improper) for conversion" * " in " * cite$ * warning$ + } + if$ + } + if$ + } + if$ +} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% LATEX BIBLIOGRAPHY CODE %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +FUNCTION {start.entry} +{ newline$ + "\bibitem{" write$ + cite$ write$ + "}" write$ + newline$ + "" + initialize.prev.this.status +} + +% Here we write out all the LaTeX code that we will need. The most involved +% code sequences are those that control the alternate interword spacing and +% foreign language hyphenation patterns. The heavy use of \providecommand +% gives users a way to override the defaults. Special thanks to Javier Bezos, +% Johannes Braams, Robin Fairbairns, Heiko Oberdiek, Donald Arseneau and all +% the other gurus on comp.text.tex for their help and advice on the topic of +% \selectlanguage, Babel and BibTeX. +FUNCTION {begin.bib} +{ "% Generated by IEEEtran.bst, version: " bst.file.version * " (" * bst.file.date * ")" * + write$ newline$ + preamble$ empty$ 'skip$ + { preamble$ write$ newline$ } + if$ + "\begin{thebibliography}{" longest.label * "}" * + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\url}[1]{#1}" + write$ newline$ + "\csname url@samestyle\endcsname" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\newblock}{\relax}" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=0pt\relax}" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{" + ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" * + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=\fontdimen2\font plus " + write$ newline$ + "\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor\fontdimen3\font minus \fontdimen4\font\relax}" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\BIBforeignlanguage}[2]{{%" + write$ newline$ + "\expandafter\ifx\csname l@#1\endcsname\relax" + write$ newline$ + "\typeout{** WARNING: IEEEtran.bst: No hyphenation pattern has been}%" + write$ newline$ + "\typeout{** loaded for the language `#1'. Using the pattern for}%" + write$ newline$ + "\typeout{** the default language instead.}%" + write$ newline$ + "\else" + write$ newline$ + "\language=\csname l@#1\endcsname" + write$ newline$ + "\fi" + write$ newline$ + "#2}}" + write$ newline$ + "\providecommand{\BIBdecl}{\relax}" + write$ newline$ + "\BIBdecl" + write$ newline$ +} + +FUNCTION {end.bib} +{ newline$ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$ } + +FUNCTION {if.url.alt.interword.spacing} +{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing + {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$} + { skip$ } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {if.url.std.interword.spacing} +{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing + {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$} + { skip$ } + if$ +} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% LONGEST LABEL PASS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label} +{ "" 'longest.label := + #1 'number.label := + #0 'longest.label.width := +} + +FUNCTION {longest.label.pass} +{ type$ "ieeetranbstctl" = + { skip$ } + { number.label int.to.str$ 'label := + number.label #1 + 'number.label := + label width$ longest.label.width > + { label 'longest.label := + label width$ 'longest.label.width := + } + { skip$ } + if$ + } + if$ +} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% FORMAT HANDLERS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +%% Lower Level Formats (used by higher level formats) + +FUNCTION {format.address.org.or.pub.date} +{ 't := + "" + year empty$ + { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ } + { skip$ } + if$ + address empty$ t empty$ and + year empty$ and month empty$ and + { skip$ } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + address "address" bibinfo.check * + t empty$ + { skip$ } + { punct.period 'prev.status.punct := + space.large 'prev.status.space := + address empty$ + { skip$ } + { ": " * } + if$ + t * + } + if$ + year empty$ month empty$ and + { skip$ } + { t empty$ address empty$ and + { skip$ } + { ", " * } + if$ + month empty$ + { year empty$ + { skip$ } + { year "year" bibinfo.check * } + if$ + } + { month "month" bibinfo.check * + year empty$ + { skip$ } + { " " * year "year" bibinfo.check * } + if$ + } + if$ + } + if$ + } + if$ +} + + +FUNCTION {format.names} +{ 'bibinfo := + duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ { + this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + 's := + "" 't := + #1 'nameptr := + s num.names$ 'numnames := + numnames 'namesleft := + { namesleft #0 > } + { s nameptr + name.format.string + format.name$ + bibinfo bibinfo.check + 't := + nameptr #1 > + { nameptr num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al #1 + = + numnames max.num.names.before.forced.et.al > + is.forced.et.al and and + { "others" 't := + #1 'namesleft := + } + { skip$ } + if$ + namesleft #1 > + { ", " * t do.name.latex.cmd * } + { s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" = + { 't := } + { pop$ } + if$ + t "others" = + { " " * bbl.etal emphasize * } + { numnames #2 > + { "," * } + { skip$ } + if$ + bbl.and + space.word * t do.name.latex.cmd * + } + if$ + } + if$ + } + { t do.name.latex.cmd } + if$ + nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := + namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := + } + while$ + cap.status.std + } if$ +} + + + + +%% Higher Level Formats + +%% addresses/locations + +FUNCTION {format.address} +{ address duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + + +%% author/editor names + +FUNCTION {format.authors}{ author "author" format.names } + +FUNCTION {format.editors} +{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { ", " * + get.bbl.editor + capitalize + * + } + if$ +} + + + +%% date + +FUNCTION {format.date} +{ + month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ + year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ + { swap$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ } + if$ + * + } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + swap$ 'skip$ + { + swap$ + " " * swap$ + } + if$ + * + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.date.electronic} +{ month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ + year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ + { swap$ + { pop$ } + { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ + pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ * + this.to.prev.status + punct.no 'this.status.punct := + space.normal 'this.status.space := + quote.no 'this.status.quote := + cap.yes 'status.cap := + } + if$ + } + { swap$ + { swap$ pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ * } + { "(" swap$ * ", " * swap$ * ")" * } + if$ + this.to.prev.status + punct.no 'this.status.punct := + space.normal 'this.status.space := + quote.no 'this.status.quote := + cap.yes 'status.cap := + } + if$ +} + + + +%% edition/title + +% Note: IEEE considers the edition to be closely associated with +% the title of a book. So, in IEEEtran.bst the edition is normally handled +% within the formatting of the title. The format.edition function is +% retained here for possible future use. +FUNCTION {format.edition} +{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + convert.edition + status.cap + { "t" } + { "l" } + if$ change.case$ + "edition" bibinfo.check + "~" * bbl.edition * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +% This is used to format the booktitle of a conference proceedings. +% Here we use the "intype" field to provide the user a way to +% override the word "in" (e.g., with things like "presented at") +% Use of intype stops the emphasis of the booktitle to indicate that +% we no longer mean the written conference proceedings, but the +% conference itself. +FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle} +{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + select.language + intype missing$ + { emphasize + bbl.in " " * + } + { intype " " * } + if$ + swap$ * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +% This is used to format the booktitle of collection. +% Here the "intype" field is not supported, but "edition" is. +FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle.edition} +{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + select.language + emphasize + edition empty$ 'skip$ + { ", " * + edition + convert.edition + "l" change.case$ + * "~" * bbl.edition * + } + if$ + bbl.in " " * swap$ * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.article.title} +{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + "t" change.case$ + } + if$ + "title" bibinfo.check + duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { quote.close 'this.status.quote := + is.last.char.not.punct + { punct.std 'this.status.punct := } + { punct.no 'this.status.punct := } + if$ + select.language + "``" swap$ * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.article.title.electronic} +{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + "t" change.case$ + } + if$ + "title" bibinfo.check + duplicate$ empty$ + { skip$ } + { select.language } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.book.title.edition} +{ title "title" bibinfo.check + duplicate$ empty$ + { "empty title in " cite$ * warning$ } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + select.language + emphasize + edition empty$ 'skip$ + { ", " * + edition + convert.edition + status.cap + { "t" } + { "l" } + if$ + change.case$ + * "~" * bbl.edition * + } + if$ + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.book.title} +{ title "title" bibinfo.check + duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + select.language + emphasize + } + if$ +} + + + +%% journal + +FUNCTION {format.journal} +{ journal duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + select.language + emphasize + } + if$ +} + + + +%% how published + +FUNCTION {format.howpublished} +{ howpublished duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + + +%% institutions/organization/publishers/school + +FUNCTION {format.institution} +{ institution duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.organization} +{ organization duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date} +{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.address.org.or.pub.date } + +FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date.nowarn} +{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date } + +FUNCTION {format.address.organization.date} +{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date } + +FUNCTION {format.school} +{ school duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + + +%% volume/number/series/chapter/pages + +FUNCTION {format.volume} +{ volume empty.field.to.null.string + duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + bbl.volume + status.cap + { capitalize } + { skip$ } + if$ + swap$ tie.or.space.prefix + "volume" bibinfo.check + * * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.number} +{ number empty.field.to.null.string + duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + status.cap + { bbl.number capitalize } + { bbl.number } + if$ + swap$ tie.or.space.prefix + "number" bibinfo.check + * * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {format.number.if.use.for.article} +{ is.use.number.for.article + { format.number } + { "" } + if$ +} + +% IEEE does not seem to tie the series so closely with the volume +% and number as is done in other bibliography styles. Instead the +% series is treated somewhat like an extension of the title. +FUNCTION {format.series} +{ series empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + bbl.series " " * + series "series" bibinfo.check * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + +FUNCTION {format.chapter} +{ chapter empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + type empty$ + { bbl.chapter } + { type "l" change.case$ + "type" bibinfo.check + } + if$ + chapter tie.or.space.prefix + "chapter" bibinfo.check + * * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + +% The intended use of format.paper is for paper numbers of inproceedings. +% The paper type can be overridden via the type field. +% We allow the type to be displayed even if the paper number is absent +% for things like "postdeadline paper" +FUNCTION {format.paper} +{ is.use.paper + { paper empty$ + { type empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + type "type" bibinfo.check + cap.status.std + } + if$ + } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + type empty$ + { bbl.paper } + { type "type" bibinfo.check } + if$ + " " * paper + "paper" bibinfo.check + * + cap.status.std + } + if$ + } + { "" } + if$ +} + + +FUNCTION {format.pages} +{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + duplicate$ is.multiple.pages + { + bbl.pages swap$ + n.dashify + } + { + bbl.page swap$ + } + if$ + tie.or.space.prefix + "pages" bibinfo.check + * * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + + +%% technical report number + +FUNCTION {format.tech.report.number} +{ number "number" bibinfo.check + this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.status.std + type duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ + bbl.techrep + } + { skip$ } + if$ + "type" bibinfo.check + swap$ duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ } + { tie.or.space.prefix * * } + if$ +} + + + +%% note + +FUNCTION {format.note} +{ note empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + punct.period 'this.status.punct := + note #1 #1 substring$ + duplicate$ "{" = + { skip$ } + { status.cap + { "u" } + { "l" } + if$ + change.case$ + } + if$ + note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check + cap.yes 'status.cap := + } + if$ +} + + + +%% patent + +FUNCTION {format.patent.date} +{ this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + year empty$ + { monthfiled duplicate$ empty$ + { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" } + { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check } + if$ + dayfiled duplicate$ empty$ + { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * } + { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check + monthfiled empty$ + { "dayfiled without a monthfiled in " cite$ * warning$ + * + } + { " " swap$ * * } + if$ + } + if$ + yearfiled empty$ + { "no year or yearfiled in " cite$ * warning$ } + { yearfiled "yearfiled" bibinfo.check + swap$ + duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ } + { ", " * swap$ * } + if$ + } + if$ + } + { month duplicate$ empty$ + { "month" bibinfo.check pop$ "" } + { "month" bibinfo.check } + if$ + day duplicate$ empty$ + { "day" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * } + { "day" bibinfo.check + month empty$ + { "day without a month in " cite$ * warning$ + * + } + { " " swap$ * * } + if$ + } + if$ + year "year" bibinfo.check + swap$ + duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ } + { ", " * swap$ * } + if$ + } + if$ + cap.status.std +} + +FUNCTION {format.patent.nationality.type.number} +{ this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + nationality duplicate$ empty$ + { "nationality" bibinfo.warn pop$ "" } + { "nationality" bibinfo.check + duplicate$ "l" change.case$ "united states" = + { pop$ bbl.patentUS } + { skip$ } + if$ + " " * + } + if$ + type empty$ + { bbl.patent "type" bibinfo.check } + { type "type" bibinfo.check } + if$ + * + number duplicate$ empty$ + { "number" bibinfo.warn pop$ } + { "number" bibinfo.check + large.number.separate + swap$ " " * swap$ * + } + if$ + cap.status.std +} + + + +%% standard + +FUNCTION {format.organization.institution.standard.type.number} +{ this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + organization duplicate$ empty$ + { pop$ + institution duplicate$ empty$ + { "institution" bibinfo.warn } + { "institution" bibinfo.warn " " * } + if$ + } + { "organization" bibinfo.warn " " * } + if$ + type empty$ + { bbl.standard "type" bibinfo.check } + { type "type" bibinfo.check } + if$ + * + number duplicate$ empty$ + { "number" bibinfo.check pop$ } + { "number" bibinfo.check + large.number.separate + swap$ " " * swap$ * + } + if$ + cap.status.std +} + +FUNCTION {format.revision} +{ revision empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + bbl.revision + revision tie.or.space.prefix + "revision" bibinfo.check + * * + cap.status.std + } + if$ +} + + +%% thesis + +FUNCTION {format.master.thesis.type} +{ this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + type empty$ + { + bbl.mthesis + } + { + type "type" bibinfo.check + } + if$ +cap.status.std +} + +FUNCTION {format.phd.thesis.type} +{ this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + type empty$ + { + bbl.phdthesis + } + { + type "type" bibinfo.check + } + if$ +cap.status.std +} + + + +%% URL + +FUNCTION {format.url} +{ url empty$ + { "" } + { this.to.prev.status + this.status.std + cap.yes 'status.cap := + name.url.prefix " " * + "\url{" * url * "}" * + punct.no 'this.status.punct := + punct.period 'prev.status.punct := + space.normal 'this.status.space := + space.normal 'prev.status.space := + quote.no 'this.status.quote := + } + if$ +} + + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% ENTRY HANDLERS %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + + +% Note: In many journals, IEEE (or the authors) tend not to show the number +% for articles, so the display of the number is controlled here by the +% switch "is.use.number.for.article" +FUNCTION {article} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.journal "journal" bibinfo.check "journal" output.warn + format.volume output + format.number.if.use.for.article output + format.pages output + format.date "year" output.warn + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {book} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + author empty$ + { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn } + { format.authors output.nonnull } + if$ + name.or.dash + format.book.title.edition output + format.series output + author empty$ + { skip$ } + { format.editors output } + if$ + format.address.publisher.date output + format.volume output + format.number output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {booklet} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.date output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {electronic} +{ std.status.using.period + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.date.electronic output + format.article.title.electronic output + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + empty.entry.warn + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {inbook} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + author empty$ + { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn } + { format.authors output.nonnull } + if$ + name.or.dash + format.book.title.edition output + format.series output + format.address.publisher.date output + format.volume output + format.number output + format.chapter output + format.pages output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {incollection} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.in.booktitle.edition "booktitle" output.warn + format.series output + format.editors output + format.address.publisher.date.nowarn output + format.volume output + format.number output + format.chapter output + format.pages output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {inproceedings} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.in.booktitle "booktitle" output.warn + format.series output + format.editors output + format.volume output + format.number output + publisher empty$ + { format.address.organization.date output } + { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address.publisher.date output + } + if$ + format.paper output + format.pages output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {manual} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.book.title.edition "title" output.warn + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.date output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {mastersthesis} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.master.thesis.type output.nonnull + format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.date "year" output.warn + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {misc} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.article.title output + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.pages output + format.date output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + empty.entry.warn + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {patent} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.article.title output + format.patent.nationality.type.number output + format.patent.date output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + empty.entry.warn + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {periodical} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.editors output + name.or.dash + format.book.title "title" output.warn + format.series output + format.volume output + format.number output + format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.date "year" output.warn + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {phdthesis} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.phd.thesis.type output.nonnull + format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.date "year" output.warn + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {proceedings} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.editors output + name.or.dash + format.book.title "title" output.warn + format.series output + format.volume output + format.number output + publisher empty$ + { format.address.organization.date output } + { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output + format.address.publisher.date output + } + if$ + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {standard} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors output + name.or.dash + format.book.title "title" output.warn + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.organization.institution.standard.type.number output + format.revision output + format.date output + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {techreport} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output + format.institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output + format.address "address" bibinfo.check output + format.tech.report.number output.nonnull + format.date "year" output.warn + format.note output + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + +FUNCTION {unpublished} +{ std.status.using.comma + start.entry + if.url.alt.interword.spacing + format.authors "author" output.warn + name.or.dash + format.article.title "title" output.warn + format.date output + format.note "note" output.warn + format.url output + fin.entry + if.url.std.interword.spacing +} + + +% The special entry type which provides the user interface to the +% BST controls +FUNCTION {IEEEtranBSTCTL} +{ is.print.banners.to.terminal + { "** IEEEtran BST control entry " quote$ * cite$ * quote$ * " detected." * + top$ + } + { skip$ } + if$ + CTLuse_article_number + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLuse_article_number + yes.no.to.int + 'is.use.number.for.article := + } + if$ + CTLuse_paper + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLuse_paper + yes.no.to.int + 'is.use.paper := + } + if$ + CTLuse_forced_etal + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLuse_forced_etal + yes.no.to.int + 'is.forced.et.al := + } + if$ + CTLmax_names_forced_etal + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLmax_names_forced_etal + string.to.integer + 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al := + } + if$ + CTLnames_show_etal + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLnames_show_etal + string.to.integer + 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al := + } + if$ + CTLuse_alt_spacing + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLuse_alt_spacing + yes.no.to.int + 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing := + } + if$ + CTLalt_stretch_factor + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLalt_stretch_factor + 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor := + "\renewcommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{" + ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" * + write$ newline$ + } + if$ + CTLdash_repeated_names + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLdash_repeated_names + yes.no.to.int + 'is.dash.repeated.names := + } + if$ + CTLname_format_string + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLname_format_string + 'name.format.string := + } + if$ + CTLname_latex_cmd + empty$ + { skip$ } + { CTLname_latex_cmd + 'name.latex.cmd := + } + if$ + CTLname_url_prefix + missing$ + { skip$ } + { CTLname_url_prefix + 'name.url.prefix := + } + if$ + + + num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al max.num.names.before.forced.et.al > + { "CTLnames_show_etal cannot be greater than CTLmax_names_forced_etal in " cite$ * warning$ + max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al := + } + { skip$ } + if$ +} + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% ENTRY ALIASES %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +FUNCTION {conference}{inproceedings} +FUNCTION {online}{electronic} +FUNCTION {internet}{electronic} +FUNCTION {webpage}{electronic} +FUNCTION {www}{electronic} +FUNCTION {default.type}{misc} + + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% MAIN PROGRAM %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +READ + +EXECUTE {initialize.controls} +EXECUTE {initialize.status.constants} +EXECUTE {banner.message} + +EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label} +ITERATE {longest.label.pass} + +EXECUTE {begin.bib} +ITERATE {call.type$} +EXECUTE {end.bib} + +EXECUTE{completed.message} + + +%% That's all folks, mds. diff --git a/synchronizer/doc/graphics/ir-schematic.png b/synchronizer/doc/graphics/ir-schematic.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb148c4 Binary files /dev/null and b/synchronizer/doc/graphics/ir-schematic.png differ diff --git a/synchronizer/doc/graphics/sources.txt b/synchronizer/doc/graphics/sources.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..663e8b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/synchronizer/doc/graphics/sources.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +ir-schematic.png shirriff2009multiproto diff --git a/synchronizer/doc/references.bib b/synchronizer/doc/references.bib new file mode 100644 index 0000000..551aa8a --- /dev/null +++ b/synchronizer/doc/references.bib @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +@ONLINE{shirriff2009multiproto, +author = {Ken Shirriff}, +title = {A Multi-Protocol Infrared Remote Library for the Arduino}, +year = {2009}, +month = aug, +day = 29, +publisher = {Ken Shirriff's blog}, +url = {http://www.righto.com/2009/08/multi-protocol-infrared-remote-library.html}, +} + +@ONLINE{arduino:libraries, +author = {{Arduino Website}}, +title = {Installing Additional Arduino Libraries}, +url = {http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Libraries} +} + +@ONLINE{listasafn2013videolist, +author = {{Listasafn Reykjavikur Website}}, +title = {\'{I}slensk vide\'{o} fr\'{a} 1975 -- 1990}, +year = {2013}, +note = {Exibition from 2013-09-14 to 2014-01-19}, +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/synchronizer/doc/synchronizer-instructions.tex b/synchronizer/doc/synchronizer-instructions.tex index f93a1dd..42fc9c7 100644 --- a/synchronizer/doc/synchronizer-instructions.tex +++ b/synchronizer/doc/synchronizer-instructions.tex @@ -5,79 +5,149 @@ %%% End: \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} +\usepackage{color} \usepackage{url} \usepackage{listings} \usepackage{SIunits} \usepackage[today]{svninfo} +%\usepackage{fancyhdr} % already loaded \svnInfo$Id$ \svnKeyword $URL$ \usepackage[layout={footnote}]{fixme} \usepackage[margin=25mm, a4paper]{geometry} -%\usepackage{fancyhdr} \setlength{\headheight}{15pt} % to make fancyhdr happy \usepackage[final]{graphicx} \graphicspath{{graphics//}{Graphics//}{./graphics//}{./Graphics//}} \usepackage[final]{hyperref} %% THIS MUST BE LAST PACKAGE \title{Arduino Synchronizer Instructions\\ -\svnInfoRevision +Revision~\svnInfoRevision } -\author{Joe Foley $<$foley@ru.is$>$} +\author{Joe Foley $<$foley@ru.is$>$\\+354-661-7658} \begin{document} -%\pagestyle{fancy} +\lstset{language=C++, breaklines=true, postbreak=\raisebox{0ex}[0ex][0ex]{\ensuremath{\color{red}\hookrightarrow\space}}} +\pagestyle{fancyplain}\thispagestyle{empty} \maketitle{} \listoffixmes{} -%\thispagestyle{plain} + \section{Introduction} These instructions are meant to accompany an Arduino-based synchronizer. +The initial design was done for video 3 installations put in place on September 14, 2013 at the Reykjavík Art Museum.\cite{listasafn2013videolist} A synchronizer is a device used for synchronizing a set of video playback devices to play at the same time. This implementation uses an Arduino connected to an IR LED to provide the service. Changing the timing or player codes for a given synchronizer requires reprogramming it with instructions detailed below. +This code is known to work with players which have {\em true} DVD's in them. Other formats may or may not work.\footnote{See Section~\ref{faq}} \section{What is included} -The customer should have been provided with these items: +You should have been provided with these items: \begin{description} \item[Synchronizer Hardware:] consisting of a plastic box with rubber feet, inside which is an Arduino and an IR LED. +\item[USB Cable:] a standard USB A-B cable, suitable for connecting a host computer to a random USB device. +\item[USB Power Supply:] a 220-240 VAC power supply that converts wall (mains) current into the 5~\volt{} that a USB device needs. +\item[CD/zip of software and documentation:] Where this documentation, code, and other support files can be found \end{description} +\subsection{File structure / manifest} +The zip file/CD should contain this structure: + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{readme.txt} &very terse information and a suggestion to read this document.\\ +\texttt{doc/} &where this documentation is found.\\ +\texttt{dvd/} &un-customized synchronizer code for the various DVD players\\ +\texttt{installations/} &customized synchronizer code by artwork name\\ +\texttt{libraries/} &required libraries and sample code for them\\ +\texttt{prior-art/} &other existing synchronizer code that this system was inspired by\\ +\texttt{tests/} &code for initial testing of the IR libraries\\ +\texttt{util/} &useful utilities including a brute-force search routine for Philips remotes\\ +\end{tabular} + \section{How to operate} +To setup a freshly programmed synchronizer, the procedure is straightforward. +\begin{enumerate} +\item Unpack the synchronizer and verify all of the parts are present. +\item {\em Make sure that the installation, play time, and player model on the label match the configuration you are setting up.} +\item Put a playable DVD in each player. They should be stacked on top of each other with the fronts lined up. +\item Plug in the USB cable into both the power supply and the synchronizer. +\item Position the synchronizer approximately 30~\centi\meter{} away from the front(s) of the players. It should be roughly centered and with the front pointed directly at the front of the players\footnote{If you know where the players' sensors are, you can point the LED directly at it.}. The front is the side with a small hole in it and an LED poking through. An easy way to know the front is that if you are reading the label right-side up, then the front is in front of you. Also, the USB cable will be to your right. +\item Plug the power supply in. +\item The players should restart and synchronize. If not, unplug the cable from the power supply and plug it back in. +\end{enumerate} +If the player fails to synchronize, consult Section~\ref{faq} for hints on how to diagnose. \section{How to reconfigure} +\subsection{Arduino IDE and libraries} You will first need to install the Arduino programming software from \url{http://arduino.cc}. -At the time of writing, the suggested version is 1.0.4, but this may change. +At the time of writing, the suggested version is 1.0.5. If you are on a windows computer, it is very important to pick the right version (32bit vs. 64bit). +We do not include a copy of the Arduino software because it is constantly changing and improving. + +Then install the IRRemote library from Ken Shirriff\cite{shirriff2009multiproto}. +Install the IRremote library from libraries. \footnote{The latest version can be acquired from \url{https://github.com/shirriff/Arduino-IRremote}} This usually consists of copying the \texttt{IRRemote} folder into \url{Documents/Arduino/libraries}. The newest 1.0+ series of Arduino software has an automated tool for this under ``Sketch'' then ``Import libraries''. More details on installing libraries at \cite{arduino:libraries}. + +\subsection{Setting up code} +Either copy the installation code\footnote{from \texttt{installations/}} or fresh synchronizer code\footnote{from \texttt{dvd/}} into a new \texttt{installations/} folder with the name and model number. For example, the installation ``dawn'' on a ``Toshiba SD590EKE'' would have the folder name \begin{verbatim}installations/dawn_toshiba_sd590eke/\end{verbatim}. +{\em Important! Do not use Icelandic characters, or anything other than letters and underscore in the name.} + +You will need to rename the \texttt{.pde} file to match the folder name, e.g. +\begin{verbatim} +installations/dawn_toshiba_sd590eke/dawn_toshiba_sd590eke.pde +\end{verbatim}. + +Open the Arduino software and open the \texttt{.pde} file where it says: +\begin{lstlisting} +int playtime= 1*60+1; // set here your DVD title playtime in sec leave a little extra +\end{lstlisting} +and change it for the running time of your installation minus a second or two. You need to remove those seconds so that the player does not get a chance to re-start on its own. For an installation that is sixty-one minutes long and thirty-six seconds (61:36), a good time would be (61:35). It is also a good idea to leave a comment of the original timing and piece name. This timing would have this code: +\begin{lstlisting} +// Artwork: dawn 61:36 +int playtime= 61*60+35; // set here your DVD title playtime in sec leave a little extra +\end{lstlisting} + +For testing, you may want to initially use a shorter time to see the system reset more often. + +\subsection{Testing and uploading program} +Now run the ``Verify'' command in the Arduino program. You should not see any errors. If there are any, try to fix them. The most common error is to forget a ``;'' at the end of a statement/line or to misspell a variable name. + +Connect the synchronizer to your computer via the USB cable. On the top menubar lick on the ``Tools" then ``Serial Port'' then whatever serial port the Arduino connected to. In many cases, this will automatically be correct. Click on ``Tools'' then ``Board'' then ``Arduino UNO''. + +On the ``File'' top menubar run the ``Upload'' command. You should see a little text at the bottom of the window saying it was successful uploading. + +Update the label on the top of the synchronizer with the new configuration. +Failure to do so is likely to cause confusion at a later date. - -\section{Common problems and their solutions} +\section{Common problems}\label{faq} A very useful procedure to see what the synchronizer is doing: \begin{enumerate} \item Unplug the USB cord from the power supply and connect it to your computer. \item Open the Arduino software and make sure it is connected to that USB port -\item Start the ``Serial Monitor'' and set the baud to 15200 +\item Start the ``Serial Monitor''\footnote{It is a little spy-glass symbol on the top right of the window; you can also get there through the Tools menu} and set the baud to 15200 \item You should see some useful information about the version of the software, installation it is configured for, and run time. Then the display should show you which functions are being called and how much time it is waiting between them. \end{enumerate} - - \subsection*{Not all of the players are resetting at the same time} \begin{itemize} \item Is the LED (small hole with a dome in the side) pointed at the front of the player? If not, do so. You can tell where the LED is by the label. It should be near the top of the label in the direction you can read it. +\item Is there anything in the way between the synchronizer and the players? The cable sometimes falls there. \item Is the box less than 10~\centi\meter{} away? If so, move it at least 30~\centi\meter{} away from the front. -\item Look at the code. It is possible that you need more ``previous'' commands with a pause between them. This sometimes helps. Alternatively, there are too many. This requires some testing to figure out which combination is correct. +\item Look at the code. It is possible that you need more ``previous'' commands with a pause between them. This sometimes helps. Sometimes there are too many. This requires some testing to figure out how many are correct. \end{itemize} \subsection*{The players are never resetting} +{\em Note! Many DVD players can also play USB flash drives and DVDs with DIVX or other file formats. Often these systems do not have an ability to reset via a ``previous'' command. Beware!} \begin{itemize} \item Make sure that the power supply is plugged in and the cable is plugged into the box and the power supply. \item Is the LED (small hole with a dome in the side) pointed at the front of the player? If not, do so. You can tell where the LED is by the label. It should be near the top of the label in the direction you can read it. \item Is the box less than 10~\centi\meter{} away? If so, move it at least 30~\centi\meter{} away from the front. \item If it is still having problems, open the box and make sure that lights on the Arduino light up when it is plugged in. \item Check the LED is working by viewing it through a camera phone (which are generally sensitive to IR). -You should occasionally see it blink, especially when resetting it. -\item You might have the wrong player code for the player you are using. Use the Arduino Serial Monitor at 115200 baud and see what it says. Make sure that the model matches what you are trying to control. +You should occasionally see it blink, especially when resetting it. +\item If the LED is not blinking, it is possible that it came loose or needs to be replaced. Put the longer leg (anode) into pin 4, this pin acts as a convenient ground. The shorter leg (cathode) should go into pin 3. If you are still having trouble, construct the circuit on the right side of Figure~\ref{fig:ir-schematic}. +\item You might have the wrong player code for the player you are using. +Use the Arduino Serial Monitor at 115200 baud and see what it says. +Make sure that the model matches what you are trying to control. This should also match the information on the label of the synchronizer. \item If all else fails, re-upload the code to the Arduino after checking that it is the right version for your player. \end{itemize} @@ -85,4 +155,46 @@ You should occasionally see it blink, especially when resetting it. This is usually because the length of the time is set to just a little too long. This causes the player to automatically rewind at the same time that it would normally get the ``previous'' command. The simplest way to correct this is to reduce the playtime in the code by a few seconds. + +\appendix +\section{Programming a new player} +{\em These instructions are for developers. Do not attempt without some understanding of the Arduino, programming, and electronics.} We recommend reading Ken Shirriff's article first at \cite{shirriff2009multiproto}. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\centering +\includegraphics{ir-schematic} +\caption{Hardware setup for IR decoder on Arduino. \cite{shirriff2009multiproto}\label{fig:ir-schematic}} +\end{figure} + +You will first need to construct the circuit shown in the left side of Figure~\ref{fig:ir-schematic}. You can get a 38Khz IR receiver from Íhlutir or Miðbær Radio. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Copy an existing synchronizer into a new folder in \texttt{dvd/} which indicates the model of the player. +\item Run the Arduino Program +\item Install the IRremote library from \texttt{libraries/}\footnote{The latest version can be acquired from \url{https://github.com/shirriff/Arduino-IRremote}}. +\item Run the IRRecvDump example program. +\item Open the ``Serial Monitor'' at 9600 baud. +\item Push the appropriate buttons on the remote: stop, pause, play, previous +\item Make note of the codes and encoding format +\item Put the appropriate \texttt{irsend} command in the new synchronizer code. Make sure you match the type, code, and number of bits. +\end{enumerate} + +Here are the parameters for the various send function calls taken from Shirriff's \url{IRremote/IRremote.h} +\begin{lstlisting} + void sendNEC(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendSony(unsigned long data, int nbits); + // Neither Sanyo nor Mitsubishi send is implemented yet + // void sendSanyo(unsigned long data, int nbits); + // void sendMitsubishi(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendRaw(unsigned int buf[], int len, int hz); + void sendRC5(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendRC6(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendDISH(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendSharp(unsigned long data, int nbits); + void sendPanasonic(unsigned int address, unsigned long data); + void sendJVC(unsigned long data, int nbits, int repeat); // *Note instead of sending the REPEAT constant if you want the JVC repeat signal sent, send the original code value and change the repeat argument from 0 to 1. JVC protocol repeats by skipping the header NOT by sending a separate code value like NEC does. +\end{lstlisting} + +\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran} +\bibliography{references} \end{document} \ No newline at end of file